{"id":109592,"date":"2024-08-07T16:40:58","date_gmt":"2024-08-07T16:40:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/?page_id=109592"},"modified":"2024-11-13T14:46:29","modified_gmt":"2024-11-13T14:46:29","slug":"dictionnaire","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/fr\/dictionnaire\/","title":{"rendered":"Dictionnaire"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=\u00a0\u00bbPetit Dictionnaire d&rsquo;Ophtalmologie\u00a0\u00bb font_container=\u00a0\u00bbtag:h1|font_size:44px|text_align:center|color:%235f1b52&Prime; use_theme_fonts=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb][vc_text_separator title=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb i_icon_fontawesome=\u00a0\u00bbfas fa-eye\u00a0\u00bb i_color=\u00a0\u00bbcustom\u00a0\u00bb i_size=\u00a0\u00bblg\u00a0\u00bb color=\u00a0\u00bbcustom\u00a0\u00bb border_width=\u00a0\u00bb8&Prime; css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1637080776101{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb add_icon=\u00a0\u00bbtrue\u00a0\u00bb accent_color=\u00a0\u00bb#bababa\u00a0\u00bb i_custom_color=\u00a0\u00bb#bababa\u00a0\u00bb]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-69d71750142d9\" data-id=\"69d71750142d9\" data-height=\"20\" data-height-mobile=\"20\" data-height-tab=\"20\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb5\/6&Prime;][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: justify;\"><strong>Acuit\u00e9 visuelle (AV):<\/strong> capacit\u00e9 de la vision \u00e0 percevoir la forme et le contour des objets; examen diagnostique; une personne avec AV 20\/20 voit clairement les objets situ\u00e9s \u00e0 6 m\u00e8tres de distance.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Amblyopie:<\/strong> onsiste en une vision r\u00e9duite d\u2019un \u0153il en raison de probl\u00e8mes qui interf\u00e8rent avec le d\u00e9veloppement visuel pendant l\u2019enfance; il n&rsquo;y a g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement pas de changements organiques apparents; l&rsquo;amblyopie survient parce que le cerveau ne reconna\u00eet pas l&rsquo;image la plus floue fournie par l&rsquo;\u0153il, ce qui rend l&rsquo;\u0153il \u00ab\u00a0pr\u00e9f\u00e9rentiel\u00a0\u00bb \u00e0 celui qui envoie une image plus nette.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Angiographie \u00e0 la fluoresc\u00e9ine:<\/strong>examen diagnostique pour \u00e9valuer la dynamique circulatoire des vaisseaux sanguins r\u00e9tiniens et leur int\u00e9grit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Anisocorie:<\/strong> changement dans lequel on observe une taille in\u00e9gale des deux pupilles.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Aphakie: <\/strong>absence du cristallin; peut \u00eatre cong\u00e9nitale ou acquise (chirurgical\/traumatique).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Astigmatisme: <\/strong>erreur de r\u00e9fraction due \u00e0 des courbures irr\u00e9guli\u00e8res de la corn\u00e9e ou du cristallin.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Auto-immune: <\/strong>ait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la r\u00e9action immunologique ou inflammatoire exag\u00e9r\u00e9e qui se produit chez un individu contre ses propres tissus.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Biom\u00e9trie:<\/strong> examen diagnostique qui utilise les ultrasons pour diverses mesures telles que la longueur axiale, la profondeur de la chambre ant\u00e9rieure, la courbure corn\u00e9enne, l&rsquo;\u00e9paisseur corn\u00e9enne, entre autres.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Bl\u00e9pharite:<\/strong>est une inflammation du bord libre des paupi\u00e8res.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Capsulotomie: <\/strong>proc\u00e9dure effectu\u00e9e au laser afin de rem\u00e9dier \u00e0 l\u2019opacification de la capsule du cristallin qui peut survenir apr\u00e8s une chirurgie de la cataracte.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Cataracte: <\/strong>modification de la transparence du cristallin.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>CD: <\/strong>compte les doigts.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Chalazion: <\/strong>nodule inflammatoire qui se d\u00e9veloppe sur la paupi\u00e8re, dans la partie sup\u00e9rieure ou inf\u00e9rieure, provoqu\u00e9 par l&rsquo;obstruction d&rsquo;une glande de Meibomius.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Chambre ant\u00e9rieure de l&rsquo;\u0153il:<\/strong> espace entre la corn\u00e9e et l&rsquo;iris, rempli d&rsquo;humeur aqueuse.<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Champ visuel:<\/strong>zone de l&rsquo;espace visible \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u0153il dans une position donn\u00e9e, en regardant fixement; il existe le champ visuel central et le champ visuel p\u00e9riph\u00e9rique qui est la vision lat\u00e9rale.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Chirurgie r\u00e9fractive: <\/strong>chirurgie au laser pour corriger les erreurs de r\u00e9fraction telles que la myopie, l&rsquo;hyperm\u00e9tropie, l&rsquo;astigmatisme, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement corrig\u00e9es par l&rsquo;utilisation de lunettes ou de lentilles de contact.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Cong\u00e9nital: <\/strong>pr\u00e9sent d\u00e8s la naissance.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Conjonctivite:<\/strong>inflammation de la conjonctive (\u00ab\u00a0le blanc\u00a0\u00bb des yeux) et la partie interne des paupi\u00e8res; elle peut \u00eatre allergique ou infectieuse (bact\u00e9rienne ou virale).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Corn\u00e9e:<\/strong>partie la plus ant\u00e9rieure du globe oculaire, transparente, qui fonctionne comme un \u00ab\u00a0verre de montre\u00a0\u00bb, \u00e0 haut pouvoir dioptrique.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Corps flottants (myod\u00e9sopsie): <\/strong>petites taches\/filaments ou taches sombres qui flottent dans le champ de vision et se d\u00e9placent avec le mouvement des yeux, caus\u00e9es par la d\u00e9sorganisation des fibres vitreuses.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Cristallin: <\/strong>lentille physiologique biconvexe transparente, situ\u00e9e derri\u00e8re l&rsquo;iris.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>D\u00e9collement de la r\u00e9tine:<\/strong>s\u00e9paration de la r\u00e9tine de la choro\u00efde et de la scl\u00e8re (\u00ab\u00a0paroi oculaire\u00a0\u00bb).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Diab\u00e8te de type 1: <\/strong>appel\u00e9 diab\u00e8te juv\u00e9nile; insulino-d\u00e9pendant.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Diab\u00e8te de type 2: <\/strong>type le plus courant \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge adulte; non insulinod\u00e9pendant.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Dioptrie (D): <\/strong>unit\u00e9 de mesure de la puissance d&rsquo;une lentille; utilis\u00e9 en correction optique.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Diplopie: <\/strong>vision double.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Disque optique (papille optique): <\/strong>partie intraoculaire du nerf optique qui est visualis\u00e9e lors de l&rsquo;observation du fond de l&rsquo;\u0153il.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>DMLA:<\/strong>d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rescence maculaire li\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e2ge.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>EPR:<\/strong>\u00e9pith\u00e9lium pigmentaire r\u00e9tinien.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Fibrose: <\/strong> prolif\u00e9ration excessive du tissu conjonctif, qui peut r\u00e9sulter d&rsquo;une r\u00e9ponse exag\u00e9r\u00e9e \u00e0 des blessures, des infections ou une inflammation.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Fov\u00e9a:<\/strong>zone centrale de la macule.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Glaucoma: <\/strong>maladie du nerf optique caract\u00e9ris\u00e9e par une perte marqu\u00e9e des fibres nerveuses par rapport \u00e0 un groupe de personnes du m\u00eame \u00e2ge et qui est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement associ\u00e9e \u00e0 une perte du champ visuel; peut \u00eatre associ\u00e9 \u00e0 une pression oculaire \u00e9lev\u00e9e; il existe \u00e9galement des glaucomes \u00e0 basse tension et \u00e0 normotension.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>H\u00e9moglobine glyqu\u00e9e (HbA1c): <\/strong>test sanguin qui \u00e9value la glyc\u00e9mie au cours des 3 derniers mois et n&rsquo;est pas influenc\u00e9 par le je\u00fbne le jour de la prise de sang.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Hyperm\u00e9tropie: <\/strong>difficult\u00e9 de vision \u00e0 courte distance qui peut \u00eatre corrig\u00e9e par des lentilles convergentes (positives); se produit lorsque la longueur axiale du globe est plus courte ou que la courbure de la corn\u00e9e est plus plate, de sorte que l&rsquo;image est captur\u00e9e derri\u00e8re la r\u00e9tine.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Isch\u00e9mie:<\/strong>apport sanguin insuffisant en raison d\u2019une constriction ou d\u2019un blocage des vaisseaux sanguins, entra\u00eenant une diminution de l\u2019oxyg\u00e9nation et de l\u2019apport nutritionnel des tissus.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>K\u00e9ratite:<\/strong> atteinte inflammatoire de la corn\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>LASIK: <\/strong>signifie \u00ab\u00a0Laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis\u00a0\u00bb, commun\u00e9ment appel\u00e9e chirurgie oculaire r\u00e9fractive au laser; ce type de chirurgie corn\u00e9enne permet de corriger la myopie, l\u2019hyperm\u00e9tropie et l\u2019astigmatisme.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>LC: <\/strong>lentille de contact.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Lentille intraoculaire:<\/strong> lentille qui est ins\u00e9r\u00e9e dans l\u2019\u0153il pour remplacer le cristallin lors d&rsquo;une chirurgie de la cataracte; il peut \u00e9galement \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 pour corriger une forte myopie chez les patients jeunes, en pr\u00e9servant le cristallin.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Lentille progressive: <\/strong>corrige la vision de loin et de pr\u00e8s dans la m\u00eame lentille, sans ligne de s\u00e9paration visible dans les lunettes.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Macula:<\/strong>r\u00e9gion centrale de la r\u00e9tine o\u00f9 se forme l&rsquo;image qui sera transmise au cerveau.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>MAVC: <\/strong>meilleure acuit\u00e9 visuelle corrig\u00e9e (g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement avec des lunettes ou des lentilles de contact).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Membrane \u00e9pir\u00e9tinienne (MER): <\/strong> membrane de nature fibrogliale se d\u00e9veloppant \u00e0 la surface interne de la r\u00e9tine.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>M\u00e9tamorphopsie: <\/strong>distorsion de l&rsquo;image; les lignes verticales semblent ondul\u00e9es.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>MNVC: <\/strong>membrane n\u00e9ovasculaire choro\u00efdienne.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Mydriatique: <\/strong>m\u00e9dicament provoquant la dilatation de la pupille.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Myopie: <\/strong>difficult\u00e9 de vision de loin pouvant \u00eatre corrig\u00e9e par des lentilles divergentes (n\u00e9gatives).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Myotique: <\/strong>m\u00e9dicament utilis\u00e9 pour provoquer la contraction de la pupille.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>N\u00e9ovascularisation: <\/strong>formation de nouveaux vaisseaux sanguins, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement fragiles, dans les zones d&rsquo;isch\u00e9mie (qui ne re\u00e7oivent pas un apport suffisant en oxyg\u00e8ne et en nutriments); sont plus susceptibles de provoquer des h\u00e9morragies.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Nerf optique:<\/strong> nerf qui transmet des messages visuels de la r\u00e9tine au cerveau.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Neuro-ophtalmologie: <\/strong>sous-sp\u00e9cialit\u00e9 d&rsquo;ophtalmologie d\u00e9di\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9tude int\u00e9gr\u00e9e des probl\u00e8mes de vision et des maladies du syst\u00e8me nerveux.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Nyctalopie: <\/strong>c\u00e9cit\u00e9 nocturne; diminution de l&rsquo;adaptation visuelle \u00e0 l&rsquo;obscurit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>OCT:<\/strong>tomographie par coh\u00e9rence optique; examen diagnostique; permet d&rsquo;obtenir des images de coupes virtuelles de la r\u00e9tine, du nerf optique ou du segment ant\u00e9rieur.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>OD:<\/strong>oeil droit.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>ODG: <\/strong>les deux yeux.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Oed\u00e8me maculaire cysto\u00efde (OMC): <\/strong>accumulation de liquide dans la macula pouvant entra\u00eener une diminution de l\u2019acuit\u00e9 visuelle.<strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Oeil aphaque:<\/strong> oeil sans cristallin.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Oeil phaque:<\/strong> oeil dot\u00e9 d&rsquo;un cristallin.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Oeil pseudophaque:<\/strong>oeil dont le cristallin a \u00e9t\u00e9 remplac\u00e9 par une lentille intraoculaire.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>OG: <\/strong>oeil gauche.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Orgelet (hord\u00e9ole):<\/strong>infection aigu\u00eb d&rsquo;une glande situ\u00e9e au bord de la paupi\u00e8re, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement bact\u00e9rienne.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>OU:<\/strong> les deux yeux (do latim oculi uterque).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>OVCR: <\/strong>occlusion de la veine centrale de la r\u00e9tine.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>P\u00e9rim\u00e8trie: <\/strong> mesure l\u2019\u00e9tendue du champ de vision.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Photophobie: <\/strong>il s\u2019agit de l\u2019intol\u00e9rance \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re ou de l\u2019inconfort provoqu\u00e9 par la lumi\u00e8re dans les yeux.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>PL: <\/strong>perception de la lumi\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Presbytie: <\/strong>difficult\u00e9 de vision de pr\u00e8s pouvant \u00eatre corrig\u00e9e avec des lentilles; elle survient g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement \u00e0 partir de 40 ans.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Pression intraoculaire (PIO): <\/strong>maintient la tonicit\u00e9 du globe oculaire avec une forme sph\u00e9rique; d\u00e9pend de la production d&rsquo;humeur aqueuse, de sa circulation et de son drainage.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Pt\u00e9rygion: <\/strong>l\u00e9sion d\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rative dans laquelle le tissu conjonctif prolif\u00e8re \u00e0 la surface de la corn\u00e9e, sous la forme d&rsquo;un \u00ab\u00a0film\u00a0\u00bb vascularis\u00e9 pr\u00e8s de la transition entre la conjonctive et la corn\u00e9e et qui peuvent pr\u00e9senter des signes inflammatoires.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>RD: <\/strong>r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>RDNP:<\/strong> r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique non prolif\u00e9rative.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>RDP: <\/strong>r\u00e9tinopathie diab\u00e9tique prolif\u00e9rative.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\" style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;\"><strong>R\u00e9fraction: <\/strong>\u00e9valuation de l&rsquo;acuit\u00e9 visuelle corrig\u00e9e avec des lunettes ou des lentilles de contact.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>R\u00e9tine: <\/strong>tissu nerveux qui tapisse l\u2019int\u00e9rieur de l\u2019\u0153il; ses cellules sont sensibles \u00e0 la lumi\u00e8re et la convertissent en signaux \u00e9lectriques qui sont ensuite envoy\u00e9s au cerveau via le nerf optique.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>R\u00e9tinographie: <\/strong>photographie du fond oculaire.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Scl\u00e8re:<\/strong>couche externe du globe oculaire, constitu\u00e9e de tissu fibreux qui recouvre le globe oculaire.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>SCP: <\/strong>sous-capsulaire post\u00e9rieur (cataracte); consiste en l\u2019opacification des couches les plus post\u00e9rieures du cristallin.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Segment ant\u00e9rieur: <\/strong>ensemble de la partie ant\u00e9rieure de l\u2019\u0153il incluant toutes les structures situ\u00e9es en avant du cristallin.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Strabisme: <\/strong>d\u00e9salignement oculaire caus\u00e9 par un d\u00e9s\u00e9quilibre des muscles extrins\u00e8ques du globe oculaire.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Tonom\u00e9trie:<\/strong> m\u00e9thode d&rsquo;\u00e9valuation de la pression intraoculaire (PIO); examen diagnostique.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Topographie corn\u00e9enne: <\/strong>examen diagnostic qui permet d\u2019\u00e9tablir une cartographie en trois dimensions des diff\u00e9rents rayons de courbure de la face ant\u00e9rieure de la corn\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Uv\u00e9ite: <\/strong>inflammation de l&rsquo;uv\u00e9e, la couche vasculaire du globe oculaire; elle peut concerner l&rsquo;uv\u00e9e ant\u00e9rieure (constitu\u00e9e de l&rsquo;iris et du corps ciliaire) et l&rsquo;uv\u00e9e post\u00e9rieure (choro\u00efde).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Vitr\u00e9:<\/strong>substance de consistance g\u00e9latineuse, incolore et transparente qui occupe l\u2019espace dans le globe oculaire.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px; text-align: left;\"><strong>Vitrectomie:<\/strong> substance g\u00e9latineuse et transparente qui remplit la cavit\u00e9 vitr\u00e9enne, situ\u00e9e dans la partie post\u00e9rieure du globe, derri\u00e8re le cristallin.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb1\/6&Prime;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=\u00a0\u00bbPetit Dictionnaire d&rsquo;Ophtalmologie\u00a0\u00bb font_container=\u00a0\u00bbtag:h1|font_size:44px|text_align:center|color:%235f1b52&Prime; use_theme_fonts=\u00a0\u00bbyes\u00a0\u00bb css=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb][vc_text_separator title=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb i_icon_fontawesome=\u00a0\u00bbfas fa-eye\u00a0\u00bb i_color=\u00a0\u00bbcustom\u00a0\u00bb i_size=\u00a0\u00bblg\u00a0\u00bb color=\u00a0\u00bbcustom\u00a0\u00bb border_width=\u00a0\u00bb8&Prime; css=\u00a0\u00bb.vc_custom_1637080776101{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}\u00a0\u00bb add_icon=\u00a0\u00bbtrue\u00a0\u00bb accent_color=\u00a0\u00bb#bababa\u00a0\u00bb i_custom_color=\u00a0\u00bb#bababa\u00a0\u00bb][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=\u00a0\u00bb5\/6&Prime;][vc_column_text css=\u00a0\u00bb\u00a0\u00bb] Acuit\u00e9 visuelle (AV): capacit\u00e9 de la vision \u00e0 percevoir la forme et le contour des objets; examen diagnostique; [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-109592","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/109592","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=109592"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/109592\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":121842,"href":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/109592\/revisions\/121842"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=109592"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}