{"id":71949,"date":"2021-11-17T17:36:36","date_gmt":"2021-11-17T17:36:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/chorioretinal-folds\/"},"modified":"2025-07-22T01:03:39","modified_gmt":"2025-07-22T01:03:39","slug":"chorioretinal-folds","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/en\/chorioretinal-folds\/","title":{"rendered":"CHORIORETINAL FOLDS"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;PERIPHERAL RETINAL DISEASES&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|font_size:22px|text_align:center|color:%23000000&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; link=&#8221;url:https%3A%2F%2Fwww.atlasrleye.com%2Fen%2Fatlas%2F%231635513661731-3ad1a8f3-3c4e|&#8221;][vc_text_separator title=&#8221;&#8221; i_icon_fontawesome=&#8221;fas fa-eye&#8221; i_color=&#8221;custom&#8221; i_size=&#8221;lg&#8221; color=&#8221;custom&#8221; border_width=&#8221;8&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1637080776101{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}&#8221; add_icon=&#8221;true&#8221; accent_color=&#8221;#bababa&#8221; i_custom_color=&#8221;#bababa&#8221;][vc_custom_heading source=&#8221;post_title&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h1|font_size:44px|text_align:center|color:%235f1b52&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;]<div class=\"ult-spacer spacer-69e6313cc6662\" data-id=\"69e6313cc6662\" data-height=\"30\" data-height-mobile=\"0\" data-height-tab=\"\" data-height-tab-portrait=\"\" data-height-mobile-landscape=\"\" style=\"clear:both;display:block;\"><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;3\/4&#8243;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<div class=\"w-100 middle-subtext text-justify hidden-text\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;\">Chorioretinal folds results from compressive forces on the sclera that produce a series of folds in the inner choroid, Bruch\u00b4s membrane, RPE and retina. They may be idiopathic or may be secondary to tumors, hypotony, inflammation (posterior scleritis, idiopathic orbital inflammation, and autoimmune disorders), choroidal neovascular membranes, papilledema, and scleral buckle.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;\">The patients are usually asymptomatic or may have metamorphopsia and decreased vision if folds involve fovea.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;\">The folds appear as alternating bright peaks and dark troughs or valleys predominantly involving the posterior pole. They may be curvilinear, parallel, or circular. Idiopathic folds are usually bilateral and symmetric. Fundus autofluorescence may be useful in detecting the presence of such folds that result from stretching and thinning of the RPE. Similarly, the fluorescein angiogram shows alternate bands of hyper and hypofluorescence.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; font-size: 16px;\">The most common cause of choroidal folds is disciform scarring of the macula from neovascular age-related macular degeneration.<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Differential Diagnosis:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Retinal folds due to an epiretinal membrane<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Toxocariasis<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Retinopathy of prematurity<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243;][vc_images_carousel images=&#8221;6564,6563,6562,6561&#8243; img_size=&#8221;medium&#8221; speed=&#8221;2000&#8243; autoplay=&#8221;yes&#8221; hide_pagination_control=&#8221;yes&#8221; wrap=&#8221;yes&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1748543068640{margin-bottom: 10px !important;}&#8221;]<div class=\"stats-block stats-left  \"><div class=\"aio-icon-left\"><div class=\"ult-just-icon-wrapper  \"><div class=\"align-icon\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<div class=\"aio-icon square \"  style=\"color:#333333;background:#ffffff;font-size:32px;display:inline-block;\">\n\t<i class=\"Defaults-eye\"><\/i>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"stats-desc\" id=\"counter-responsv-wrap-6460\"><div id=\"counter_8291360769e6313cc692f\" data-id=\"counter_8291360769e6313cc692f\"  data-ultimate-target='#counter-responsv-wrap-6460 .stats-number'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  class=\"stats-number ult-responsive\" style=\"font-size:28px;  \" data-speed=\"3\" data-counter-value=\"2\" data-separator=\",\" data-decimal=\".\">0<\/div><div id=\"title-counter_8291360769e6313cc692f\"  data-ultimate-target='#counter-responsv-wrap-6460 .stats-text'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"desktop:16px;\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  class=\"stats-text ult-responsive\" style=\"font-size:px;  font-weight:bold;\">Clinical Cases<\/div><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1748543086961{margin-bottom: 10px !important;}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h1><strong><span style=\"color: #5f1b52;\">Clinical Cases<\/span><\/strong><\/h1>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1748543120360{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/en\/chorioretinal-folds\/clinical-case-1\/\">Clinical Case 1<\/a><\/h4>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_gallery type=&#8221;image_grid&#8221; images=&#8221;6580,6562&#8243; img_size=&#8221;140&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1753146146549{margin-bottom: 10px !important;margin-left: -20px !important;}&#8221;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/5&#8243; offset=&#8221;vc_col-xs-1\/5&#8243;]<div class=\"aio-icon-component    style_1\"><div id=\"Info-box-wrap-9508\" class=\"aio-icon-box default-icon\" style=\"\"  ><div class=\"aio-icon-default\"><div class=\"ult-just-icon-wrapper  \"><div class=\"align-icon\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<div class=\"aio-icon none \"  style=\"color:#5f1b52;font-size:16px;display:inline-block;\">\n\t<i class=\"Defaults-calendar\"><\/i>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"aio-icon-header\" ><h3 class=\"aio-icon-title ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='#Info-box-wrap-9508 .aio-icon-title'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"color:#5f1b52;\">2<\/h3><\/div> <!-- header --><\/div> <!-- aio-icon-box --><\/div> <!-- aio-icon-component -->[\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/5&#8243; offset=&#8221;vc_col-xs-1\/5&#8243;]<div class=\"aio-icon-component    style_1\"><div id=\"Info-box-wrap-7102\" class=\"aio-icon-box default-icon\" style=\"\"  ><div class=\"aio-icon-default\"><div class=\"ult-just-icon-wrapper  \"><div class=\"align-icon\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<div class=\"aio-icon none \"  style=\"color:#5f1b52;font-size:16px;display:inline-block;\">\n\t<i class=\"Defaults-camera\"><\/i>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"aio-icon-header\" ><h3 class=\"aio-icon-title ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='#Info-box-wrap-7102 .aio-icon-title'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"color:#5f1b52;\">67<\/h3><\/div> <!-- header --><\/div> <!-- aio-icon-box --><\/div> <!-- aio-icon-component -->[\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/5&#8243; offset=&#8221;vc_col-xs-1\/5&#8243;]<div class=\"aio-icon-component    style_1\"><div id=\"Info-box-wrap-7726\" class=\"aio-icon-box default-icon\" style=\"\"  ><div class=\"aio-icon-default\"><div class=\"ult-just-icon-wrapper  \"><div class=\"align-icon\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<div class=\"aio-icon none \"  style=\"color:#5f1b52;font-size:16px;display:inline-block;\">\n\t<i class=\"Defaults-film\"><\/i>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"aio-icon-header\" ><h3 class=\"aio-icon-title ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='#Info-box-wrap-7726 .aio-icon-title'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"color:#5f1b52;\">0<\/h3><\/div> <!-- header --><\/div> <!-- aio-icon-box --><\/div> <!-- aio-icon-component -->[\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1748543137831{margin-bottom: 0px !important;}&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: left;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/en\/chorioretinal-folds\/clinical-case-2\/\">Clinical Case 2<\/a><\/h4>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_gallery type=&#8221;image_grid&#8221; images=&#8221;6561,6564&#8243; img_size=&#8221;140&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1753146152640{margin-bottom: 10px !important;margin-left: -20px !important;}&#8221;][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/5&#8243; offset=&#8221;vc_col-xs-1\/5&#8243;]<div class=\"aio-icon-component    style_1\"><div id=\"Info-box-wrap-5385\" class=\"aio-icon-box default-icon\" style=\"\"  ><div class=\"aio-icon-default\"><div class=\"ult-just-icon-wrapper  \"><div class=\"align-icon\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<div class=\"aio-icon none \"  style=\"color:#5f1b52;font-size:16px;display:inline-block;\">\n\t<i class=\"Defaults-calendar\"><\/i>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"aio-icon-header\" ><h3 class=\"aio-icon-title ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='#Info-box-wrap-5385 .aio-icon-title'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"color:#5f1b52;\">3<\/h3><\/div> <!-- header --><\/div> <!-- aio-icon-box --><\/div> <!-- aio-icon-component -->[\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/5&#8243; offset=&#8221;vc_col-xs-1\/5&#8243;]<div class=\"aio-icon-component    style_1\"><div id=\"Info-box-wrap-7761\" class=\"aio-icon-box default-icon\" style=\"\"  ><div class=\"aio-icon-default\"><div class=\"ult-just-icon-wrapper  \"><div class=\"align-icon\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<div class=\"aio-icon none \"  style=\"color:#5f1b52;font-size:16px;display:inline-block;\">\n\t<i class=\"Defaults-camera\"><\/i>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"aio-icon-header\" ><h3 class=\"aio-icon-title ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='#Info-box-wrap-7761 .aio-icon-title'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"color:#5f1b52;\">22<\/h3><\/div> <!-- header --><\/div> <!-- aio-icon-box --><\/div> <!-- aio-icon-component -->[\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/5&#8243; offset=&#8221;vc_col-xs-1\/5&#8243;]<div class=\"aio-icon-component    style_1\"><div id=\"Info-box-wrap-4260\" class=\"aio-icon-box default-icon\" style=\"\"  ><div class=\"aio-icon-default\"><div class=\"ult-just-icon-wrapper  \"><div class=\"align-icon\" style=\"text-align:center;\">\n<div class=\"aio-icon none \"  style=\"color:#5f1b52;font-size:16px;display:inline-block;\">\n\t<i class=\"Defaults-film\"><\/i>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"aio-icon-header\" ><h3 class=\"aio-icon-title ult-responsive\"  data-ultimate-target='#Info-box-wrap-4260 .aio-icon-title'  data-responsive-json-new='{\"font-size\":\"\",\"line-height\":\"\"}'  style=\"color:#5f1b52;\">0<\/h3><\/div> <!-- header --><\/div> <!-- aio-icon-box --><\/div> <!-- aio-icon-component -->[\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;PERIPHERAL RETINAL DISEASES&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h5|font_size:22px|text_align:center|color:%23000000&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; link=&#8221;url:https%3A%2F%2Fwww.atlasrleye.com%2Fen%2Fatlas%2F%231635513661731-3ad1a8f3-3c4e|&#8221;][vc_text_separator title=&#8221;&#8221; i_icon_fontawesome=&#8221;fas fa-eye&#8221; i_color=&#8221;custom&#8221; i_size=&#8221;lg&#8221; color=&#8221;custom&#8221; border_width=&#8221;8&#8243; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1637080776101{margin-bottom: -5px !important;}&#8221; add_icon=&#8221;true&#8221; accent_color=&#8221;#bababa&#8221; i_custom_color=&#8221;#bababa&#8221;][vc_custom_heading source=&#8221;post_title&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h1|font_size:44px|text_align:center|color:%235f1b52&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;3\/4&#8243;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;] Chorioretinal folds results from compressive forces on the sclera that produce a series of folds [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-71949","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/71949","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=71949"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/71949\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":118596,"href":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/71949\/revisions\/118596"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.atlasrleye.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=71949"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}